review

Digestive System Vocabulary Review

1.Organ that senses taste of food and helps push it to the back of the mouth. tongue
2. Saclike, muscular organ that secretes acids and churns food into a pulp. stomach
3.large tubular organ that absorb water, salts, and store waste matter. Large intestine
4.Gland that produce and secrete saliva which contain digestive enzymes. Salivary glands
5. Long tubular organ where most of Chemical digestion & absorption take place.  Small intestine
6. Entrance of the digestive system where mechanical and chemical digestion begins. mouth
7. muscular tube that connects and carries food from the moth to the stomach. esophagus
8. bony structures that grind and Crush food mechanically into smaller bits. Teeth ingestion
9. rhythmic muscular contractions that moves food through the digestive tract. peristalsis
10. production and release of useful substances (enzymes, hormones, etc) by a gland. secretion
11. movement of nutrient molecules through the wall of digestive system into the blood. absortion
12. process of eliminating waste products of metabolism (urine, co2, etc).  excretion
13. process of Eating i.e. taking food into the body through the mouth.
14. process by which fat globules re broken into smaller droplets by bile salt. emulsification
15. process by which body breaks down food into small nutrients that can be absorbed. digestion
16. process of elimination of indigestible food remains from digestive system. Egestion 

Endocrine System Vocabulary

1. Endocrine system  controls other body systems by releasing certain chemicals

2. hormones  chemicals that are produced by endocrine glands

3. Testes  male reproductive hormone

4. Thyroid controls how fast the body uses its energy

5. pancreas  makes insulin to help cells take in glucose; controls blood sugar levels

6. Feedback system turn endocrine glands ON and OFF; sends hormones where needed

7. Thymus helps fight disease and bacteria

8. Gland a group of cells that makes special chemicals for your body; they make hormones

9. Adrenal gland helps us respond to danger; fight or flight;makes epinephrine (adrenalin

10. parathyroid controls levels of vitamins and minerals in the body; controls calcium levels in blood

11. Ovaries  female reproductive hormone

12. Pituitary the gland that helps control all the other glands

Lymphatic System Structures Vocabulary

1. Tonsils Masses of lymphatic tissue that form a protective ring around the nose and upper throat
2. Spleen Mass of lymphatic tissue located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen,forms lymphocytes and monocytes.removes worn out red out blood cells.
3. Lymph fluid Also known as lymph; plasma;is intracellular fluid as it returns to the venous circulatory system; lymph picks up waste products from the cells
4. Lacteals Are specialized lymph capillaries located in the villi of the small intestine. Their fat and fat soluble vitamins are carried into the bloodstream
5. Vermiform appendix  Lymphatic tissue that form the lower portion of the cecum of the large intestine.
6. Lymph nodes Bean shaped structures; located in lymph vessels. They filter lymph to remove harmful substances
7. Thymus Bean shaped structures; located in lymph vessels. They filter lymph to remove harmful substances
8. Lymph Capillaries  Carries lymph fluids from the tissue to the larger lymph vessels
9. Peyer's patches Are small bundles of lymphatic tissue located on the walls of the ileum of the small intestine

Lymphatic System

1. Lymph Fluid of lymphatic system
2. cisterna chili Lymphatic sac at the beginning of the thoracic duct between the abdominal aorta and L2
3. B cells  Mature in bone marrow
4. mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) collection of nodules in mucosa or submucosa of digestive tract
5. Tonsils Around throat
6. Natural immunity Nonspecific response to invading pathogens
7. Lymphatic system Moves in one direction-toward subclavian veins: move only thru pressure
8. Bone marrow pluriptent stem cells-precursor blood cells
9. Immunity Defense reaction to microorganisms
10. peyer's patches Small intestine
11. T cells Mature in the thymus
12. Lymph nodes only place where lymph is filtered:cer, axillary & inguinal nodes are routinely checked by physicians
13. Vermiform appendix Inferior to the cecum
14. Thoracic duct Drains lymph from the rest of the body into the left subclavian vein
15. Spleen Largest lymphatic organ
16. Right lymphatic ducts Drains lymph from the right arm and right side of head and right thorax to right subclavian vein
17. Hodgkin’s Disease Cancer of the lymph nodes: physicians clearance
18. Lupus Erythematosus  autoimmune disease of connective tissues:massage contraindicated suring flare-ups
19. Chronic fatigue syndrome Disabling fatigue: shorter duration of massage if client is fatigued
20. Allergies Overreaction of the immune system to harmless agents:avoid possible allergens